Proofreading:
This is the last step before a document goes to publication. In proofreading, I will correct errors in spelling, grammar, formatting, word usage, and punctuation. All lists, page numbers, citations, bibliography, table of contents entries, etc. will be checked for consistency and accuracy. The focus of proofreading is spotting any technical errors, and so I will not offer input on content or writing style unless I notice egregious errors.
Copyediting:
I will check for any technical errors, just as in proofreading, and will also offer input on style, clarity, tone, organization, consistency, and so on. I will ensure the document fits the relevant style guide and ensure that all the elements of the text fit together in a coherent fashion. For longer texts, I will create a style sheet to make sure that the details of your writing remain consistent throughout.
Line Editing:
I will examine your document line by line and provide substantive input and suggestions on how to make your writing as effective as possible. In line editing, I will consider the audience, the subject matter, and your preferences in making decisions. The focus of this service is content and writing style, but I will also check for grammar, punctuation, spelling, usage, and so on.